Juz Amma 100

Surah Al-Adiyat

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

Tafseer of Surah 100 - Adiyat - Nouman Ali Khan
There are two components when Allah takes an oath
Muqsam bihi : object of the oath
Muqsam alaihi: subject of the oath
Eg: I swear by the sun, its going to be a hot day . Object : sun, Subject: its gonna be a hot day

Allah awj uses the oath to grab the attention of the kuffars in this surah.

1. وَالْعَادِيَاتِ ضَبْحًا
“I swear by the Adiyat”
وَالْعَادِيَاتِ : someone whose running in battle against the enemy; (feminine plural)- female horses because they used to be faster in battles
I swear by the battle horses that are marching forward with animosity
ضَبْحًا : the breath/ panting of the horse when its engaged in aggressive motion, when a horse is galloping really fast; its not using a single break; originally used for wolves, like the wolves go after their prey

2. فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا
“”
فَ : This is a continuation of the previous scene
فَالْمُورِيَاتِ : to start a fire by rubbing or strike when flames are produced
these horses basically creating fire as they run; horse shoe which is metal and it strikes the rock
قَدْحًا :  violent strike that is very loud

3. فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا
“they ambush the enemy in the morning time”
فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ: Ighara: to ambush, to attack the enemy or to be right on top of it; criminal behaviour
صُبْحًا : morning

4. فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا
“then they (these horses) cause dust to rise”
نَقْعًا : cloud of dust, the dust that rises up in the air when someone moves by in really fast motion

5. فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا
“(because of their cloud of dust) the entire group penetrates all of them togethor”
فَوَسَطْنَ : penetrate right through the middle of something ( ummatul wasata )
they penetrate into the very gathering of the enemy (heart of the enemy)
بِهِ  : immediately
-- > The arab is appreciating Man! This horse is so loyal. He is the master and the horse is his slave

6.  إِنَّ الْإِنْسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ
“No doubt, the human being is truly disloyal to his master”
لَكَنُودٌ : ungrateful, extremely ungrateful

7.  وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ
“No doubt, the human being especially when it comes to that ( he is ungrateful in this world) , he is truly a witness”
لَشَهِيدٌ : (Shahid- witness,) Shaheed- happening all the time

8.  وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ
“And no doubt his love for wealth is truly intent”
لِحُبِّ : its really  good for you and you do everything you can to get it – love
الْخَيْرِ : good; ( people think that the wealth is good )
لَشَدِيدٌ : tough, tie a rope
-- > he is very severe and tough and bent upon the maintenance of his wealth

9. ۞ أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ
“Does he not know of the time when whatever was in the grave will be yanked out/ pulled out from deep within ”
بُعْثِرَ : turn things upside down to pull something out
-- > everything in the grave will come out

10. وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ
“Whatever is in the chest will be brought out”
وَحُصِّلَ : to peel and extract something
everything will be scraped off the chest

11. إِنَّ رَبَّهُمْ بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَخَبِيرٌ
“There is no doubt Your master, especially in regards to them (these kuffar), on that day, he will have Qabar of them”
لَخَبِيرٌ: fully aware, fully knowledgable, to be fully aware of the reality of something in every one of its details inside and out

xxx